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Line (50 mg/kg bw) on body weight change, Proguanil hydrochloride food intake and
Line (50 mg/kg bw) on body weight change, food intake and tumour content in rats bearing the Yoshida AH-130 ascites hepatoma. Results are mean ?SEM. Body weight change is expressed as the difference between final body weight and initial body weight (IBW). Food intake is expressed in g/100 g IBW and refers to the food ingested during the period of the experiment prior to sacrifice, which took place 7 days after tumour inoculation. Tumour cell content is expressed in millions of cells. C = non-tumour-bearing rats, T = tumour-bearing rats, T + TPH = tumour-bearing rats treated with theophylline. Values that are significantly different by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) are indicated by: ### p < 0.001 (tumour effect).with previous studies demonstrating that theophylline induces apoptosis and growth inhibition in tumour cells in vitro [26]; also, in vivo treatment with theophylline of mice implanted with melanoma cells results in a marked decrease in hepatic and pulmonary metastases [27]. From the results depicted in Figure 2 it can be seen that, in spite of the fact that theophylline treatment resulted in a tendency for higher body weight, the difference did not reach statistical significance. However, the treatment with this alkaloid resulted in a significant increase in the weight of soleus (10 ) and cardiac muscles (11.5 ), both of them with red and aerobic fibres (Figure 3). Conversely, no effects of treatment were observed with other muscles (non significant differences: gastrocnemius T = 572 ?13 (5) vs T + TPH = 580 ?12 (6); EDL T = 44 ?1 (5) vs T + TPH = 43.7 ?1 (6); tibialis T = 184 ?6 (5) vs T + TPH = 185 ?6 (6)). These results are in agreement with the body composition of the animals. Indeed, as shown in Table 1, a significant decrease of fat and lean mass was observed due to the tumour growth. PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14985054 The treatment with theophylline resulted PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10411574 in a tendency for higher lean body mass, although the difference did not reach statistical significance. Interestingly, however, the animals treated with theophylline lost significantly less fat mass (Table 1). This observation is veryFigure 3 Effect of theophylline (50 mg/kg bw) on soleus and heart weights in rats bearing the Yoshida AH-130 ascites hepatoma. Results are mean ?SEM. Muscles weights are expressed as mg/100 g of initial body weight (IBW). C = non-tumour-bearing rats, T = tumour-bearing rats, T + TPH = tumour-bearing rats treated with theophylline. Values that are significantly different by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) are indicated by: # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 (tumour effect); * p < 0.05 (treatment effect).Olivan et al. Nutrition Metabolism 2012, 9:76 http://www.nutritionandmetabolism.com/content/9/1/Page 5 ofTable 1 Effects of theophylline (50 mg/kg bw) on body composition in rats bearing the Yoshida AH-130 ascites hepatomaExperimental group C (n = 6) Fat mass (g) Lean body mass (g) Fluids (g) 3.2 ?1.1 23.5 ?1.5 0.03 ?0.2 T (n = 10) -4.3 ?0.5 1.7 ?1.7 -0.7 ?0.2 T + TPH (n = 7) A -2.3 ?0.7 7? 0.04 ?0.3 0,000 0,000 0,034 ANOVA B 0,045 ns 0,Results are expressed as the difference between day 0 (tumour inoculation) and day 7; mean ?SEM. C = non-tumour-bearing rats, T = tumour-bearing rats, T + TPH = tumour-bearing rats treated with theophylline. Statistical significance of the results by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA); ns: non-significant differences. A (tumour effect); B (treatment effect).surprising since theophylline has been demonstrated to be a lipolytic agent both.
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